Ze-infrared rau nruab nrab-infrared tunable laser xaiv txoj kev npaj

Kab lus no yog los tham txog qee qhov kev txiav txim siab thiab cov lus qhia txog kev pab cuam thaum xaiv ze-infrared mus rau nruab nrab-infrared lub teeb ci. Qhov tsab xov xwm no tsuas yog qhia luv luv thiab sib piv plaub yam loj ntawm optical parametric oscillators (OPO), optical parametric amplifiers (OPA), quantum cascade lasers, thiab supercontinuum light sources.

1.Different spectral range txhais

Feem ntau hais lus, thaum tib neeg tham txog lub teeb ci infrared, lawv xa mus rau lub teeb nrog lub tshuab nqus tsev wavelength ntau dua ~ 700-800 nm (qhov txwv sab sauv ntawm qhov pom wavelength ntau).

Qhov tshwj xeeb wavelength qis qis tsis tau txhais meej meej hauv qhov kev piav qhia no vim tias tib neeg lub qhov muag pom ntawm infrared maj mam txo qis dua li txiav tawm ntawm pob tsuas.

Piv txwv li, cov lus teb ntawm lub teeb ntawm 700 nm rau tib neeg lub qhov muag twb tsawg heev, tab sis yog tias lub teeb muaj zog txaus, tib neeg lub qhov muag tuaj yeem pom lub teeb tawm los ntawm qee lub laser diodes nrog wavelengths tshaj 750 nm, uas kuj ua rau infrared. lasers muaj kev nyab xeeb. --Txawm tias nws tsis ci heev rau tib neeg lub qhov muag, nws lub zog tiag tiag yuav siab heev.

Ib yam li ntawd, zoo li qhov qis qis ntawm qhov chaw teeb pom kev zoo (700 ~ 800 nm), qhov kev txwv sab saud ntawm lub teeb ci infrared kuj tsis paub meej. Feem ntau hais lus, nws yog hais txog 1 mm.

Nov yog qee cov lus txhais ntawm infrared band:

—— Nyob ze-infrared spectral cheeb tsam (tseem hu ua IR-A), ntau yam ~ 750-1400 nm.
Lasers emissions nyob rau hauv lub wavelength cheeb tsam no yog nquag muaj suab nrov thiab tib neeg lub qhov muag kev nyab xeeb teeb meem, vim hais tias tib neeg lub qhov muag tsom lub luag hauj lwm yog sib xws nrog lub ze-infrared thiab pom lub teeb ranges, yog li ntawd lub ze-infrared band teeb yuav kis tau thiab tsom mus rau lub rhiab retina tib yam, tab sis qhov ze-infrared band teeb tsis ua rau kev tiv thaiv blink reflex. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, tib neeg lub qhov muag lub retina raug puas tsuaj los ntawm lub zog ntau dhau vim tsis muaj zog. Yog li ntawd, thaum siv lub teeb ci hauv qhov band, tag nrho cov xim yuav tsum tau them rau kev tiv thaiv qhov muag.

—— Luv wavelength infrared (SWIR, IR-B) thaj tsam ntawm 1.4-3 μm.
Qhov chaw no muaj kev nyab xeeb rau lub qhov muag vim tias lub teeb no tau nqus los ntawm lub qhov muag ua ntej nws mus txog retina. Piv txwv li, erbium-doped fiber ntau amplifiers siv hauv kev sib txuas lus fiber ntau ua haujlwm hauv cheeb tsam no.
—— Mid-wave infrared (MWIR) ntau yog 3-8 μm.
Cov huab cua qhia tias muaj zog nqus nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam; ntau cov pa cua hauv huab cua yuav muaj cov kab nqus dej hauv cov kab no, xws li carbon dioxide (CO2) thiab dej vapor (H2O). Tsis tas li ntawd vim tias muaj ntau cov roj gases muaj zog nqus tau nyob rau hauv qhov band Strong absorption yam ntxwv ua rau thaj tsam spectral no dav siv rau kev tshawb nrhiav roj hauv cov huab cua.

—— Ntev nthwv dej infrared (LWIR) ntau yam yog 8-15 μm.
——Tom ntej no yog deb infrared (FIR), uas nyob ntawm 15 μm -1 hli (tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov ntsiab lus pib ntawm 50 μm, saib ISO 20473). Lub cheeb tsam spectral no feem ntau yog siv rau thermal imaging.
Tsab ntawv xov xwm no yog los tham txog cov kev xaiv ntawm broadband tunable wavelength lasers nrog ze-infrared mus rau nruab nrab-infrared lub teeb qhov chaw, uas tej zaum yuav muaj xws li cov saum toj no luv- wavelength infrared (SWIR, IR-B, xws li ntawm 1.4-3 μm) thiab ib feem ntawm nruab nrab-yoj infrared (MWIR, xws li yog 3-8 μm).

2. Cov ntawv thov

Ib daim ntawv thov ntawm cov teeb pom kev zoo hauv cov qhab no yog qhov kev txheeb xyuas ntawm laser absorption spectra hauv cov pa roj carbon monoxide (xws li kev paub txog tej thaj chaw deb hauv kev kuaj mob thiab kev saib xyuas ib puag ncig). Ntawm no, qhov kev tsom xam yuav siv sij hawm kom zoo dua ntawm qhov muaj zog thiab cov yam ntxwv nqus bands ntawm ntau molecules nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-infrared spectral cheeb tsam, uas ua hauj lwm raws li "molecular ntiv tes". Txawm hais tias ib tus tuaj yeem kawm qee yam ntawm cov molecules no los ntawm cov kab nqus dej hauv thaj tsam ze-infrared, vim tias ze-infrared laser qhov chaw yooj yim dua los npaj, muaj qhov zoo rau kev siv cov kab nqus nqus dej hauv nruab nrab ntawm thaj tsam nruab nrab nrog cov rhiab heev. .

Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-infrared duab, lub teeb qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub band no kuj siv. Cov neeg feem ntau siv qhov zoo ntawm qhov tseeb tias lub teeb nruab nrab-infrared tuaj yeem nkag mus tob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv thiab tsis muaj qhov tawg. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv sib thooj hyperspectral imaging applications, ze-infrared mus rau nruab nrab-infrared tuaj yeem muab cov ntaub ntawv spectral rau txhua pixel (lossis voxel).

Vim muaj kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm nruab nrab-infrared laser qhov chaw, xws li fiber ntau lasers, cov ntaub ntawv tsis yog xim hlau ua cov ntaub ntawv siv tau ntau dua thiab siv tau. Feem ntau, tib neeg siv qhov zoo ntawm qhov nqus ntawm lub teeb infrared los ntawm qee cov ntaub ntawv, xws li cov yeeb yaj kiab polymer, los xaiv cov ntaub ntawv tshem tawm.

Ib qho xwm txheej yog tias indium tin oxide (ITO) cov yeeb yaj kiab pob tshab siv rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv hluav taws xob thiab optoelectronic yuav tsum tau tsim los ntawm kev xaiv laser ablation. Lwm qhov piv txwv yog qhov tseeb stripping ntawm coatings ntawm optical fibers. Lub hwj chim theem uas yuav tsum tau muaj nyob rau hauv lub band rau xws li daim ntaub ntawv yog feem ntau qis dua cov uas yuav tsum tau rau daim ntaub ntawv xws li laser txiav.

Nyob ze-infrared mus rau nruab nrab-infrared teeb pom kev zoo kuj tseem siv los ntawm cov tub rog rau kev taw qhia infrared countermeasures tiv thaiv cua sov-nrhiav missile. Ntxiv rau qhov muaj zog tso zis ntau dua tsim nyog rau qhov muag tsis pom lub koob yees duab infrared, dav spectral kev pab cuam nyob rau hauv lub atmospheric kis tau tus mob band (nyob ib ncig ntawm 3-4 μm thiab 8-13 μm) kuj yuav tsum tau los tiv thaiv yooj yim notched lim los tiv thaiv infrared detectors .

Lub qhov rais kis tau tus mob hauv huab cua tau piav qhia saum toj no kuj tuaj yeem siv rau kev sib txuas lus thaj chaw dawb ntawm cov kab teeb, thiab quantum cascade lasers tau siv ntau daim ntawv thov rau lub hom phiaj no.

Qee zaum, mid-infrared ultrashort pulses yuav tsum tau. Piv txwv li, ib tus tuaj yeem siv nruab nrab-infrared zaus combs hauv laser spectroscopy, los yog siv lub siab ncov siab ntawm ultrashort pulses rau lasing. Qhov no tuaj yeem tsim nrog hom-xauv laser.

Tshwj xeeb, rau qhov ze-infrared mus rau nruab nrab-infrared lub teeb ci, qee cov ntawv thov muaj cov kev cai tshwj xeeb rau kev soj ntsuam wavelengths lossis wavelength tunability, thiab ze-infrared mus rau nruab nrab-infrared wavelength tunable lasers kuj ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov ntawv thov no.

Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv spectroscopy, mid-infrared tunable lasers yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb, txawm nyob rau hauv cov pa sensing, ib puag ncig xyuas, los yog tshuaj ntsuam xyuas. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau kho lub wavelength ntawm lub laser kom meej nws nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-infrared ntau yam kom paub meej cov kab haum molecular. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, lawv tuaj yeem tau txais cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov khoom ntawm cov teeb meem, xws li tawg phau ntawv code tag nrho ntawm cov lus zais.

Nyob rau hauv kev kho mob daim duab, mid-infrared tunable lasers kuj ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Lawv tau dav siv nyob rau hauv non-invasive diagnostic thiab imaging technologies. Los ntawm precisely tu lub wavelength ntawm lub laser, mid-infrared lub teeb tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg lom, ua rau cov duab daws teeb meem siab. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev kuaj xyuas thiab kuaj cov kab mob thiab qhov txawv txav, zoo li lub teeb pom kev zoo nyob rau hauv cov secrets sab hauv ntawm tib neeg lub cev.

Kev tiv thaiv thiab kev ruaj ntseg kuj tseem sib cais los ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm nruab nrab-infrared tunable lasers. Cov lasers no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv infrared countermeasures, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tiv thaiv cua sov-nrhiav cuaj luaj. Piv txwv li, Directional Infrared Countermeasures System (DIRCM) tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lub dav hlau los ntawm kev taug qab thiab tawm tsam los ntawm cov cuaj luaj. Los ntawm kev kho lub wavelength ntawm lub laser sai sai, cov tshuab no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov cuaj luaj tuaj thiab tam sim ntawd tig lub nthwv dej ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, zoo li rab ntaj khawv koob tiv thaiv lub ntuj.

Cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob nyob deb yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev soj ntsuam thiab saib xyuas lub ntiaj teb, uas infrared tunable lasers ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Cov teb xws li kev saib xyuas ib puag ncig, kev tshawb fawb atmospheric, thiab kev soj ntsuam lub ntiaj teb txhua tus cia siab rau kev siv cov lasers no. Mid-infrared tunable lasers pab cov kws tshawb fawb los ntsuas cov kab nqus cov pa roj hauv cov huab cua, muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb los pab kev tshawb fawb huab cua, kev saib xyuas cov pa phem thiab huab cua huab cua, zoo li daim iav khawv koob uas tuaj yeem pom hauv qhov tsis paub tseeb ntawm qhov xwm txheej.

Nyob rau hauv kev lag luam chaw, nruab nrab-infrared tunable lasers yog dav siv rau precision khoom ua. Los ntawm kev kho lasers rau wavelengths uas yog absorbed los ntawm tej yam ntaub ntawv, lawv pab xaiv ablation, txiav los yog vuam. Qhov no ua rau kev tsim khoom muaj tseeb hauv thaj chaw xws li electronics, semiconductors thiab micromachining. Lub mid-infrared tunable laser yog zoo li ib tug finely polished carving riam, tso cai rau kev lag luam rau carved cov khoom finely carved thiab qhia lub brilliance ntawm technology.

3.Nyob ze-infrared rau nruab nrab-infrared tunable laser khoom hom thiab xaiv yam ntxwv

Ntau lub thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem tsim ze-infrared mus rau nruab nrab-infrared lasers, xws li ntau hom hlau lead ntsev lasers raws li cov khoom siv lead ua thaum ntxov lossis quaternary compounds, nrog rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau, ntau fiber ntau lasers, thiab carbon dioxide gas lasers. Tos, ntawm no peb tsom mus rau ntau lub hauv paus ntsiab lus laser thev naus laus zis thiab cov khoom lag luam uas tuaj yeem hloov kho nyob rau hauv ntau lub wavelengths los ntawm ze-infrared mus rau nruab nrab-infrared.

① Optical parametric oscillators, amplifiers thiab generators (OPO thiab OPA)

Nyob rau hauv lub nonlinear zaus conversion system, ib tug ze-infrared laser, twj optical parametric oscillator (OPO), amplifier (OPA) los yog generator (OPG) yuav siv tau los tsim idler lub teeb nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-infrared spectral cheeb tsam, xws li:
Hauv nanosecond OPO mid-infrared lasers, Q-hloov lasers tuaj yeem siv los ua cov twj tso kua mis. Cov ntaub ntawv crystalline uas siv rau cov ntawv thov no yog zinc germanium phosphide (ZGP, ZnGeP2), nyiaj gallium sulfide thiab selenide (AgGaS2, AgGaSe2), gallium selenide (GaSe) thiab cadmium selenide (CdSe).
Txij li ntau cov ntaub ntawv no yog opaque nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam 1 μm, feem ntau yuav tsum tau siv OPOs nyob rau hauv series: thawj OPO converts lub 1 μm laser hluav taws xob mus rau ib tug ntev wavelength, uas yog tom qab ntawd siv los tso lub mid-infrared OPO. Lub tom kawg lub teeb liab thiab idle zaus tuaj yeem yog ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-infrared spectrum cheeb tsam.
Lub 1064 nm hom-xauv picosecond Nd: YVO4 laser kuj tuaj yeem siv los ua ke twj OPO thiab LiNbO3 muaju, tso cai rau lub teeb tso tawm kom ncav cuag 4 μm lossis txawm 4.5 μm. Nws qhov txwv wavelength feem ntau yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev nce idler lub teeb nqus ntawm qhov ntev wavelengths. Yog li, OPOs raws li txoj cai no feem ntau muaj lub teeb liab resonance. Xws li ib tug ntaus ntawv yuav yooj yim tsim pulses nrog lub zog nyob rau hauv kaum tawm millijoules. Cov zis wavelength yog tunable tshaj pua pua nanometers.

② CWJ

Piv nrog rau cov mem tes excitation ntawm OPO dav dav, CWOPO cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis tsis ntev los no muab mid-infrared lasers raws li cov hauv qab no:

1) DFB fiber ntau lasers thiab amplifiers;

2) DFB fiber ntau laser tswj;

3) OPO optical feem thiab tswj;
Cov khoom lag luam no tuaj yeem muab kev hloov pauv tsis tu ncua cov zis wavelength nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-infrared ntau ntawm 1435-4138 nm (6969-2416 cm-1). Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, piv rau pulse OPO, hom khoom no tuaj yeem muab cov kab dav dav. (<100 MHz). This makes it possible for such products to be optimized in applications such as infrared calibration and spectral analysis.

③ Quantum cascade laser

Quantum cascade lasers yog ib qho kev txhim kho tshiab hauv kev lag luam ntawm semiconductor lasers.

Qhov txawv ntawm quantum cascade lasers thiab thaum ntxov mid-infrared semiconductor lasers raws li inter-band hloov yog tias nws ua hauj lwm raws li inter-sub-band hloov.

Qhov no ua rau quantum cascade lasers los tsim cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov txheej txheem semiconductor kom qhov hloov pauv photon zog (thiab yog li wavelength) tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm ntau yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee qhov tseem ceeb wavelength tuning ranges (qee zaum tshaj 10% ntawm nruab nrab wavelength) kuj tuaj yeem them los ntawm cov kab noj hniav sab nraud.

Txawm hais tias cryogenic txias tam sim no xav tau kom ua tiav qhov kev ua tau zoo, ntau lub quantum cascade lasers tseem tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntawm chav tsev kub, txawm tias tsis tu ncua. Quantum cascade lasers kuj tseem siv tau los tsim cov lasers pulse nrog lub sijhawm mem tes txawm tias qis dua 1 ns, txawm hais tias lub zog ncov yog qhov txwv.

Hais txog lub zog, txawm hais tias nws lub zog tso zis tuaj yeem ncav cuag 1 W los ntawm kev ua kom zoo, lub zog tso zis ntawm hom laser no tseem qis dua li ntawm cov lasers infrared. Vim hais tias, nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm quantum cascade lasers, uas yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv spectroscopy, quantum cascade lasers yog txwv rau kev hloov nrog qis phonon zog.

Nov yog qee qhov kev txwv thiab hom:
CW-DFB laser raj 800 cm -1-2320 cm -1
Pulsed DFB laser raj 700 cm -1-2350 cm -1
tub yees DFB laser tube 645 cm -1-2370 cm -1

OPO (optical parametric oscillator) thiab quantum cascade yog ob qho kev siv thev naus laus zis hauv nruab nrab-infrared laser tiam, thiab lawv muaj qee qhov kev thov sib txawv.

OPO (Optical Parametric Oscillator, Optical Parametric Oscillator):

OPO yog cov khoom siv kho qhov muag uas tsis yog kab uas siv cov txheej txheem parametric hauv nonlinear optical crystals lossis optical fibers los tsim cov wavelengths tshiab, suav nrog cov kab nruab nrab-infrared. OPO excites parametric oscillations los ntawm lub twj tso kua mis lub teeb qhov chaw, qhov twg cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis yog linear nyob rau hauv lub oscillator faib lub twj tso kua mis teeb rau hauv lub teeb teeb liab thiab pab lub teeb. Lub teeb liab lub teeb wavelength yog tunable mus rau hauv nruab nrab-infrared ntau yam, thaum lub teeb pab ua raws li cov lus teb rau lub twj tso kua mis lub teeb. OPO muaj kev hloov pauv siab ua haujlwm thiab qhov dav zaus hloov kho ntau yam, yog li nws tau siv dav hauv nruab nrab-infrared laser tshawb fawb thiab kev siv.

Daim ntawv thov sib txawv: OPO yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau zaus tunability. Los ntawm kev kho qhov zaus ntawm lub twj tso kua mis lub teeb lossis cov theem sib txuam ntawm cov siv lead ua nonlinear, tsis tu ncua tunable laser tso zis tuaj yeem ua tiav nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-infrared ntau. OPO tuaj yeem siv rau hauv spectral tsom xam, kuaj roj, kuaj biomedical thiab lwm yam kev lag luam, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas siab lossis kev tshuaj xyuas microscopic hauv nruab nrab-infrared band.

Quantum Cascade:

Lub quantum cascade laser yog ib lub laser raws li ib tug semiconductor superlattice qauv uas generates mid-infrared laser teeb los ntawm ib tug quantum cascade txheej txheem. Nyob rau hauv lub quantum cascade laser, electrons tso tawm lub zog los ntawm ib tug step-by-step hloov txoj kev ntawm ntau lub zog bands, ua tsis tu ncua tunable mid-infrared hluav taws xob.

Daim ntawv thov sib txawv: Quantum cascade lasers muaj zog dua thiab nqaim spectral linewidth, thiab yog haum rau high-resolution spectral ntsuas, lidar, infrared imaging thiab lwm yam teb. Quantum cascade lasers kuj tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv qhov chaw kub kub, yog li lawv tsim nyog rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau nruab nrab-infrared lasers nyob rau hauv hnyav hnyav, xws li kev tshuaj xyuas, kev saib xyuas ib puag ncig, thiab lwm yam.

Txhawm rau ua kom tiav, OPO feem ntau yog siv rau cov ntawv thov uas muaj qhov sib txawv ntau zaus, thaum quantum cascade lasers yog qhov tsim nyog rau lub zog siab, nqaim linewidth thiab kub kub.

Cov kev sib piv tshwj xeeb ntawm tus nqi parameter qhov sib txawv yog txawv los ntawm cov qauv khoom thiab cov chaw tsim khoom. Cov hauv qab no yog cov piv txwv ntawm qee qhov kev sib piv parameter:

—— Zaus tunability:

OPO: Tsis tu ncua tunable mid-infrared laser tso zis tuaj yeem ua tiav, nrog ntau zaus feem ntau los ntawm ntau pua megahertz mus rau ob peb gigahertz lossis dav dua.

Quantum cascade: Qhov kev hloov kho zaus yog qhov nqaim, feem ntau kaum rau pua pua megahertz lossis nqaim dua.

—— Tso zis zog thiab efficiency:

OPO: Lub zog tso zis feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm ntau pua milliwatts mus rau ob peb watts, thiab kev hloov dua siab tshiab tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau dua 10%.

Quantum cascade: Lub zog tso zis feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm kaum mus rau pua pua milliwatts, thiab kev hloov dua siab tshiab tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau dua 20%.

--Spectral linewidth:

OPO: Lub spectral linewidth yog nqaim, feem ntau nyob rau hauv ntau ntawm ob peb gigahertz mus rau kaum ntawm megahertz.

Quantum cascade: Lub spectral linewidth yog qhov dav, feem ntau nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm kaum ntawm gigahertz mus rau pua pua megahertz.

—— Ua haujlwm kub:

OPO: Feem ntau nws yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw sov siab dua lossis ze rau chav tsev kub.

Quantum cascade: tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab dua, feem ntau siab dua chav tsev kub, txawm tias mus txog kaum degrees Celsius.

Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias cov txiaj ntsig no tsuas yog siv rau kev siv dav dav thiab tsis sawv cev rau qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm txhua yam khoom lag luam. Qhov tseeb tsis yog nyob ntawm cov qauv khoom, kev hloov kho thev naus laus zis, thiab cov chaw tsim khoom tsim thiab kev ua tau zoo. Thaum xaiv cov khoom lag luam tshwj xeeb, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau xa mus rau cov ntawv qhia tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom thiab cov ntaub ntawv kev lag luam muab los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom kom paub meej cov ntaub ntawv tsis raug.

④ Supercontinuum teeb qhov chaw

Muaj qee qhov teeb pom kev zoo raws li supercontinuum tiam uas nthuav dav ib feem loj ntawm nruab nrab-infrared band. Xws li lub teeb pom kev tuaj yeem ua haujlwm raws li qee qhov nruab nrab-infrared optical fibers, los ntawm cov teeb pom kev hnyav raug xa mus los tsim kev sib cuam tshuam tsis zoo.

Yog hais tias tunable nqaim linewidth lub teeb yuav tsum tau, tunable lim yuav siv tau los rho tawm cov yam xav tau spectral ntawm lub dav spectrum teeb. Qee zaum, tag nrho spectrum yog siv. Ib qho piv txwv yog optical coherence tomography (OCT). Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau ua rau luv luv wavelength bands. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov zoo ntawm nruab nrab-infrared lub teeb nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov no yog qhov nruab nrab-infrared teeb tsis tawg. Piv nrog luv luv wavelength bands, nws muaj peev xwm nkag mus tob.

Currently, the most popular commercial mid-infrared (mid-IR) light sources are optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) [1] and amplifiers (OPAs) [2], and quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) [3]. They have achieved very good performance and proven useful in many important applications. However, it should be noted that OPO/OPA are complex, susceptible to vibration, require frequent maintenance, and are difficult to scale up. QCLs can cover a significant emission band of ~3.5–12 μm, but they emit low output power with limited tunability per laser output wavelength. This has led to the need to find new alternative solutions for these laser sources. In this context, high-power mid-infrared supercontinuum generators appear to be of great interest, mainly due to their unique properties, the most important of which are their broad spectrum spanning thousands of nanometers, high spectral power density (>1 mW / nm ), nws muaj qhov dav bandwidth, siab dua spatial coherence, directionality thiab brightness tshaj li ib txwm lasers.

⑤ Micro nruab nrab-infrared teeb qhov chaw

Tam sim no muaj ntau qhov kev sim tsim photonic integrated circuits rau mid-infrared daim ntaub ntawv, xws li cov raws li silicon photonics platforms. Hmoov tsis zoo, nws tsis yooj yim rau kev siv lub teeb nruab nrab-infrared ntawm lub nti, uas tau ua rau kev tshawb fawb txog ntau txoj hauv kev. Ib qho piv txwv yog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm lub teeb ci mus rau lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab txawm hais tias qhov no nthuav qhia cov teeb meem kev siv tshuab, kuj tseem muaj cov piv txwv cuam tshuam nrog flip-chip bonding technology. Lwm qhov muaj peev xwm yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm blackbody emitters (→ thermal tawg) lossis cov ntaub ntawv luminescent, txawm hais tias qhov no tsis ua rau muaj hluav taws xob sib txuas.

Muaj lwm txoj hauv kev raws li kev hloov pauv tsis hloov pauv, siv Kerr nonlinearity rau plaub-yoj sib xyaw lossis txhawb nqa Raman tawg. Thiab siv microresonators, zaus combs tuaj yeem tsim tawm.

ib sab

Cov hauv qab no yog qee qhov nruab nrab-infrared teeb pom kev zoo uas tsis tshua siv. Vim tias lawv tsis siv dav, lawv yuav tsis tham txog ntau yam ntawm no, xws li dawb electron lasers thiab zaus-ob npaug CO₂ lasers.

Raws li cov saum toj no, cov hauv qab no yog siv rau kev sib piv thiab xaiv ntau hom laser: